Snow water equivalent at the Gruvebadet Snow Resarch Site

Chronobiology of polar organisms (Chronopolar) Monitoring water parameters in surface and deep (3.0 meters) using DS18B20 + rasberry-pi. Sample collection: Lepidurus arcticus.

This dataset comprises measurements from a moored single-point acoustic current meter, collected by the Mooring Dirigibile Italia (MDI), which is managed by the Institute of Polar Sciences of the National Research Council (CNR). The data was gathered at Kongsfjorden, Svalbard Island, since 10 September 2010. This dataset is also part of the SIOS-Svalbard Integrated Arctic Earth Observing System, developed to observe the impacts of climate change, including the rapid loss of sea ice cover, the retreat of local glaciers, and the Atlantification of Arctic seas. Measured properties are: subsurface temperature and subsurface currents. The acquisition of this time series data is still ongoing and will continue, bolstered by the inclusion of this infrastructure within the framework of the Italian PNRR project ITINERIS. This ensures sustained data collection and further enhances our understanding of the observed environmental changes.

Terrestrial Photography ApplicationS on Snow covEr in Svalbard (PASSES) Project start: 2018-04-15 - end: 2021-12-31 The purpose of this activity is the development of a new snow product focused on the estimation of the fraction of snow cover in selected sites at different spatial resolutions. This dataset will be aimed to support the estimation of cryospheric information using remotely sensed data, with a particular attention to data obtained in the framework of the Copernicus program. The availability of this dataset in a natural laboratory such as Svalbard islands will support the reduction of the gap between remotely sensed data and modeling activities. This added value will be very important considering the higher spatial resolution of the sensors recently deployed. The dataset will be based on re-using data obtained from public repositories such as the digital elevation model of Svalbard, the available webcam imageries in Svalbard and satellite products from Landsat, Sentinel and MODIS missions. All the available data will be integrated in order to estimate the fraction of snow cover, at different spatial resolutions, for each satellite mission. These estimations, computed at different sites in Svalbard islands, will offer the opportunity to better integrate results obtained by remote sensing with modeling and air-snow interactions studies. Particular attention will be devoted to the formalization of agreements with raw-data providers in case of not-public licensing policies.

Observing earth critical zone processes in the bayelva basin (CZO@Bayelva) The dataset includes CO2 fluxes measurements during summer period in different area along the transect from CCT to Ny-Alesund airport. The measures are performed using a portable accumulation chamber in dark (Ecosystem respiration, ER) and light (Net Ecosystem Exchange) condition. For each plot, about 20 measures are performed, including soil temperature and volumetric soil water content. CO2/H2O daily average values and standard deviation. Each measurement day contains a number of half-hour measurements.

Snow sampling every week near Gruvebadet (Svalbard)

Snow sampling every year at the Kongsvegen glacier, in Svalbard

High-Latitude Aurora Activity Monitor by means of an automatised digital camera, recording all-sky images in the 630.0 nm (red), 557.7 nm (green) and 427.8 nm (blue) wavelengths. The camera is operated by INAF (Italian National Institute of Astrophysics) and contributes to the international network MIRACLE (https://space.fmi.fi/MIRACLE/), with instruments distributed along the Scandinavia and the Svalbard. The camera started operating in November 1999, when it was located on the roof of the French building (Lat = 78° 55' 20" N, Lon = 11° 56' 02" E). In November 2015 the instrument was moved to the Sensitive Lights Cabin (Lat = 78° 56' 28.2" N, Lon = 11° 50' 31.7" E, Elev. = 28 m). The Instrument was then updated in 2017 with a new cooled CMOS camera, which replaced the old CCD camera + image intensifier.

Arctic Present Climate Change and Past Extreme Events (ARCA) Analysis of RES datasets available. Production of thematic maps of representative ice-calving effect in some Greenland outlet glaciers. Development and upgrade of INGV RES system.

The Brøgger peninsula located in the north-western sector of Svalbard, is rich in shallow lakes, very different in morphology, height from sea level, composition of lake sediments, seasonal snow cover and presence/absence of migratory avian fauna in their catchment areas . In 2022, as part of the EcoClimate project (PI Prof. Edoardo Calizza), the research unit of the Institute of Polar Sciences of Messina set up a first series of sensors (Temperature; light) in 8 lakes spatially distributed at different heights from the sea and with different inputs of organic and inorganic substance. The observatory is currently in its second year of measurements.