Snow sampling every week near Gruvebadet (Svalbard)

The Climate Change Tower Integrated Project (CCT-IP) reflects the priorities of Italian Arctic research and aims to investigate the interactions among all components of the Arctic climate system. The Amundsen-Nobile Climate Change Tower (CCT) serves as the project’s central infrastructure, providing continuous measurements of atmospheric parameters at multiple heights and at the critical interface between the surface and the atmosphere. A SPN1 net radiometer, installed at a height of 33 m in 2023, is used to measure the radiation partition between incoming direct and diffuse irradiance. Previously, in 2009, a combination of sensors—including a CNR1 net radiometer at 33 m and CM11 and CG4 sensors at 25 m—was deployed for the same purpose. Radiation data are processed to provide 30-minute averages (μ) and standard deviations (σ), along with derived products such as total net radiation and an indication of sun presence. These data will be available for download. Additionally, 1-minute resolution data are available for download upon request.

Snow sampling every year at the Kongsvegen glacier, in Svalbard

Monitoring of Aerosol: Short and Long range source areas related to Climate Change (MAShLoCC) During the Arctic campaign 2010, an atmospheric aerosol sampling at the Gruvebadet observatory has been carried out in order to obtain information about the formation and composition of atmospheric aerosol, transport processes toward the Arctic zone as well as local and remote source areas. Instrument : ICP-SFMS, IRMS, Orbitrap

This proposal will focus on eutrophication, contaminants, marine litter and underwater noise descriptors of the MSFD. Vertical acquisition in 18 CTD station in Kongsfjorden with water sampling at 2-3 depths (surface, intermediate, bottom) for nutrient and pH analyses of sampled water in the lab

2018 NAIS at Gruvebadet.

Atmospheric Gondola for Aerosol Profiles (AGAP) The scientific goals of AGAP are to develop novel aerosol payloads and evaluate the vertical distribution of aerosol properties in the Arctic Boundary Layer. Dataset consists in Aerosol vertical profiles gridded at a 50 m spatial resolution: R, T, P, RH, Aerosol size distribution, BC concentration, O3. Maximum altitudes 1500 m.

Ionospheric Scintillations Arctic Campaign Coordinated Observations (ISACCO) The aim of ISACCO is to perform a scintillation measurements campaign by a GNSS Ionospheric Scintillation and TEC Monito) at Ny-Ålesund and Longyearbyen (Svalbard, Norway). The System consists of dual-frequency receiver with special firmware specifically configured to measure amplitude and phase scintillation. Starting from the end of 2015 a Septentrio PolaRxS_PRO receiver has been installed in one of the two observation sites in Svalbard, NyÅlesund, for the observation of all the available satellite constellations GALILEO, GPS, GLONASS at the Svalbard longitude.

This dataset comprises measurements from moored Acustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP), collected by the S1 Mooring, which is managed by the Institute of Polar Sciences of the National Research Council (CNR) and National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics (OGS). The data was gathered on the Fram Strait south of the Spitsbergen in an open-sea area strongly influenced by both the interaction between Atlantic (northward-moving) and Arctic (southward-moving) waters as well as by the presence and winter formation of sea ice and atmospheric forcing. The easternmost part of the Fram Strait, relatively warm and salty Atlantic waters flow, bringing heat to the Arctic region and contributing to the Atlantification phenomenon. The processes responsible of the inter-annual and seasonal variability of the deep current flow in this open sea region are still unknown and also what the implications are related to ongoing climate change and in particular to the progressive decrease of sea ice cover in the winter period. To understand these dynamics, a deep-water oceanographic S1 Mooring was anchored at about 1040 meters depth, since June 2014. The dataset is also part of the SIOS-Svalbard Integrated Arctic Earth Observing System, developed to observe the impacts of climate change, including the rapid loss of sea ice cover, the retreat of local glaciers, and the Atlantification of Arctic seas. The ADCP mounted at 420 m measure: sea-water currents intensity and direction along the water column. The acquisition of this time series data is still ongoing and will continue, bolstered by the inclusion of this infrastructure within the framework of the Italian PNRR project ITINERIS. This ensures sustained data collection and further enhances our understanding of the observed environmental changes.

A long-term climate manipulation experiment has been ongoing since 2014 at the REMUS site (Responses of Microbes in Upper Soil Horizons to Environmental Manipulations). Twenty-four open-top chambers (OTCs) were installed to simulate warmer ground temperatures and increased precipitation. To mimic enhanced rainfall, irrigation is applied twice a year, at the end of June and August. The transparent OTCs create an average ground temperature increase of approximately 1°C in the treated plots. The site is located about 11 Km from Ny-Ålesund at Kongsfjordneset (78.96661°N 11.47576°E) on the Brøgger Peninsula. In total, 48 plots with different plant species have been selected for the study. Of these, 24 are equipped with OTCs, while the remaining 24 are irrigated, with half of the irrigated plots also containing OTCs (12 with OTCs, 12 without). The REMUS site is registered on the Research in Svalbard Portal under ID 6921. This site is part of the International Tundra Experiment (ITEX), a global research initiative aimed at understanding the responses of tundra plant species through simple manipulation and transplant experiments conducted across multiple Arctic and alpine sites.