RIS: 3471 ARCA aims to develop a conceptual model on the mechanism(s) behind the release of large volumes of cold and fresh water from melting of ice caps, investigating this complex system from both paleoclimatic and modern air-sea-ice interaction process point of view. ARCA fits well within the Italian Strategy for Arctic. Testing and calibration of sensors measurement of vertical profile of turbulence, meteorological paramaters and characterisitic of the snow surface.

Characterisation of water dynamics to overcome the information gaps on hydrologic processes in glaciated and unglaciated catchments in southern Spitsbergen. Physical-chemical and isotopic monitoring of streams, piezometers and springs located in Hornsund. The data were generated with support from the following funding sources: INTERACT (2024) and UNDER (2025).

Atmospheric Gondola for Aerosol Profiles (AGAP) The scientific goals of AGAP are to develop novel aerosol payloads and evaluate the vertical distribution of aerosol properties in the Arctic Boundary Layer. Dataset consists in Aerosol vertical profiles gridded at a 50 m spatial resolution: R, T, P, RH, Aerosol size distribution, BC concentration, O3. Maximum altitudes 1500 m.

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Atmospheric Gondola for Aerosol Profiles (AGAP) Developing novel aerosol payloads and evaluate the vertical distribution of aerosol properties in the Arctic Boundary Layer. Aerosol vertical profiles by tethered balloon: Aerosol vertical profiles gridded at a 50 m spatial resolution: R, T, P, RH, Aerosol size distribution, BC concentration, O3. Maximum altitudes 1500 m.

Snow and surface characteristics are monitored by CNR at the Climate Change Tower in Ny-Alesund. Partly funded by Arctic PASSION project (agreement number 101003472).

terrestrial Photography ApplicationS on Snow covEr in Svalbard Project start: 2018-04-15 - end: 2021-12-31 The purpose of this activity is the development of a new snow product focused on the estimation of the fraction of snow cover in selected sites at different spatial resolutions. This dataset will be aimed to support the estimation of cryospheric information using remotely sensed data, with a particular attention to data obtained in the framework of the Copernicus program. The availability of this dataset in a natural laboratory such as Svalbard islands will support the reduction of the gap between remotely sensed data and modeling activities. This added value will be very important considering the higher spatial resolution of the sensors recently deployed. The dataset will be based on re-using data obtained from public repositories such as the digital elevation model of Svalbard, the available webcam imageries in Svalbard and satellite products from Landsat, Sentinel and MODIS missions. All the available data will be integrated in order to estimate the fraction of snow cover, at different spatial resolutions, for each satellite mission. These estimations, computed at different sites in Svalbard islands, will offer the opportunity to better integrate results obtained by remote sensing with modeling and air-snow interactions studies. Particular attention will be devoted to the formalization of agreements with raw-data providers in case of not-public licensing policies.

Aerosol Biogeochemical cycles, Sources and TRansport processes in the climate-sensitive ArCTic - ABSTRACT Dataset consists in: Aerosol load, Ion, metal, EC/OC measurements on bulk and size-segregated particulate matter at Gruvebadet Observatory (Ny Alesund - Italian Station "Dirigibile Italia") using Aerosol sampling and measurement devices (TECORA ECHO-PM, TECORA Skypost, TECORA HI-VOL, FAI PBL, TSI SMPS, TSI APS - Ion Chromatographs, ICP-AES, Thermo-Optical Analyzer, ICP-MS) Aerosol measurements and sampling. Atmospheric Particle Size Distribution. SMPS (10-500 nm) and APS (0.5-20 um). PM10 aerosol low volume sampling for determination of ions and metals: continuous 24/48h resolution samplings. Multi-stage impactor (Dekati 4-stage: < 1 um - > 10 um) for measurement of ion composition: 4-day resolution sampling. PM10 medium volume sampling for determination of metal content and Pb isotope ratios: 4-d resolution samplings. PM10 on quartz filters for determination of Elemental od Organic Carbon (EC/OC): continuous 24/48 h resolution samplings. PM10 aerosol low volume sampling on PTFE for elemental determination by PIXE technique.

Arctic Present Climate Change and Past Extreme Events (ARCA) CD4 core was micromilled at 200 μm increments using a micro-milling method (Drysdale et al., 2012). The stable isotope composition of the powders was measured on CO2 gas released by reaction with 105% H3PO4 at 70°C, which was measured using a mass spectrometer. Isotopic results are reported using the conventional δ-notation in per mille (‰), with reference to the Vienna Pee Dee Belemnite (V -PDB) standard. Instrument : MC-ICPMS, Nu-Instruments Plasma, Finnigan GasBench Parameter : Th**230/U**238 and U**234/U**238 activity ratios, (δ**13)C and (δ**18)O

Snow sampling every week near Gruvebadet (Svalbard)